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Use of yeasts of the genus Metschnikowia for the lipid production
Švitková, Bibiána ; Márová, Ivana (oponent) ; Němcová, Andrea (vedoucí práce)
The oleaginous yeasts have an ability to accumulate an increased number of lipids, under certain circumstances. These microbial lipids differentiate in the number of fat acids present, which enables their wide application in biotechnological industry. This master’s thesis is aimed on lipid production, number of the fat acid groups present, and squalene production by Metschnikowia yeasts, based on the cultivating conditions. Biomass and lipid production was observed in separate cultivation media, with the addition of the different waste substrates. Production properties were observed by method of the gas chromatography. For the squalene production observation, a HLPC method was chosen. All production groups were able to accumulate lipids on the waste substrate, although in different values. These values were very individual, especially in the areas of the specific groups and growth on the given substrate. The lipid composition was different, which was caused by differences in the waste substrates. With regards to the squalene production – the yeasts from the Metschnikowia family were not able to produce squalene in the presence of the terbinafine and its increasing concentration. Therefore, the same procedure was chosen, as it was for the Yarrowia lipolytica yeast, with the difference in the sterol synthesis, however squalene was still not produced this way.
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Use of yeasts of the genus Metschnikowia for the lipid production
Švitková, Bibiána ; Márová, Ivana (oponent) ; Němcová, Andrea (vedoucí práce)
The oleaginous yeasts have an ability to accumulate an increased number of lipids, under certain circumstances. These microbial lipids differentiate in the number of fat acids present, which enables their wide application in biotechnological industry. This master’s thesis is aimed on lipid production, number of the fat acid groups present, and squalene production by Metschnikowia yeasts, based on the cultivating conditions. Biomass and lipid production was observed in separate cultivation media, with the addition of the different waste substrates. Production properties were observed by method of the gas chromatography. For the squalene production observation, a HLPC method was chosen. All production groups were able to accumulate lipids on the waste substrate, although in different values. These values were very individual, especially in the areas of the specific groups and growth on the given substrate. The lipid composition was different, which was caused by differences in the waste substrates. With regards to the squalene production – the yeasts from the Metschnikowia family were not able to produce squalene in the presence of the terbinafine and its increasing concentration. Therefore, the same procedure was chosen, as it was for the Yarrowia lipolytica yeast, with the difference in the sterol synthesis, however squalene was still not produced this way.
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Změny v metabolismu lipidů u akutních stavů
Hrabovský, Vladimír ; Blaha, Vladimír (vedoucí práce) ; Dítě, Petr (oponent) ; Kohout, Pavel (oponent)
Změny metabolismu lipidů u akutních stavů Úvod: Porucha metabolismu lipidů byla u kriticky nemocných pacientů popsána opakovaně. Zatímco hladiny triacylglycerolů se chovají nestandardně, pokles hladiny cholesterolu patří mezi typické nálezy. Hypocholesterolemie je navíc spojena s jejich horší prognózou a vyšší mortalitou. Cholesterol lidský organizmus získává absorpcí a syntézou. Stanovením ukazatelů cholesterolové syntézy (latosterol, skvalen) a absorpce (sitosterol, kampesterol) lze kvantifikovat změny v obou těchto procesech. Materiál a metoda: V prvním projektu byly hodnoceny změny lipidového spektra u 60 pacientů s akutním interním onemocněním. Ve druhém a třetím pak u 24 pacientů s aktivní Crohnovou chorobou a aktivním krvácením do horního GITu. Plasmatické koncentrace celkového, HDL a LDL cholesterolu a triacylglycerolů byly stanoveny enzymaticky. Hladiny skvalenu, latosterolu i fytosterolů (kampesterol, sitosterol) metodou plynové chromatografie a hmotnostní spektrometrie. Data byla zpracována pomocí statistického softwaru Sigma-Stat 3,1. Výsledky: Plasmatické koncentrace celkového, LDL a HDL cholesterolu byly v jednotlivých souborech opakovaně snížené. Triacylglyceroly kopírovaly změny hladin cholesterolu. Hladiny latosterolu byly snížené a u skvalenu byly ovlivněny několika faktory. Fytosteroly...
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